Education & Library
Substitute Teachers
SOC 25-3031
Step into any classroom on short notice and keep the day running.
The job
Median pay
$42k
$34k to $55k typical range
Outlook, 2025 to 2035
Growing
+2.0% projected
Openings a year
65k
BLS projection
Typical education
Bachelor's
Our model
AI displacement risk
High
How much of this job AI may do instead of the person
Works with AI
12/100
AI alongside the person rather than instead of them
AI exposure
90th pct
More exposed than 90% of occupations · modeled estimate · 75th pct in Microsoft's data
Future-proof
43/100
Key skills
- Reading Comprehension
- Active Listening
- Speaking
- Critical Thinking
- Monitoring
- Writing
Pay and jobs by state
BLS OEWS May 2025, 51 states. Sorted by jobs; per 1,000 is jobs per thousand workers in the state; vs national compares that rate with the country's. A tilde marks a figure estimated from the parent occupation group where BLS publishes none.
| State | Jobs | Per 1,000 | vs national | Median pay |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 115,660 | 6.4 | 1.9× | $60k |
| New York | 36,090 | 3.7 | 1.1× | $43k |
| Texas | 29,150 | 2.1 | 0.6× | $32k |
| Florida | 25,270 | 2.5 | 0.8× | $37k |
| Virginia | 24,350 | 5.9 | 1.8× | $39k |
| Pennsylvania | 22,360 | 3.7 | 1.1× | $45k |
| North Carolina | 20,360 | 4.1 | 1.2× | $34k |
| Illinois | 17,220 | 2.8 | 0.8× | $39k |
| New Jersey | 17,100 | 4.0 | 1.2× | $44k |
| Georgia | 16,400 | 3.4 | 1.0× | $39k |
All 51 states
| State | Jobs | Per 1,000 | vs national | Median pay |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Washington | 14,820 | 4.2 | 1.2× | $56k |
| Missouri | 11,480 | 3.9 | 1.2× | $35k |
| Indiana | 9,920 | 3.1 | 0.9× | $36k |
| Kansas | 9,360 | 6.5 | 1.9× | $36k |
| Alabama | 9,290 | 4.4 | 1.3× | $25k |
| Ohio | 9,140 | 1.6 | 0.5× | $37k |
| Colorado | 8,963 | 3.1 | 0.9× | $43k~ |
| Minnesota | 8,660 | 2.9 | 0.9× | $50k |
| Wisconsin | 8,420 | 2.9 | 0.8× | $44k |
| Massachusetts | 8,410 | 2.3 | 0.7× | $41k |
| Oregon | 8,090 | 4.1 | 1.2× | $58k |
| South Carolina | 7,700 | 3.3 | 1.0× | $30k |
| Tennessee | 7,690 | 2.3 | 0.7× | $30k |
| Maryland | 7,610 | 2.8 | 0.8× | $46k |
| Iowa | 7,300 | 4.7 | 1.4× | $37k |
| Nevada | 6,600 | 4.3 | 1.3× | $25k |
| Connecticut | 5,950 | 3.5 | 1.0× | $38k |
| Oklahoma | 4,990 | 2.9 | 0.9× | $24k |
| West Virginia | 4,840 | 6.9 | 2.0× | $49k |
| Arizona | 4,710 | 1.5 | 0.4× | $39k |
| Utah | 4,710 | 2.7 | 0.8× | $36k |
| Hawaii | 3,990 | 6.4 | 1.9× | $59k |
| Michigan | 3,600 | 0.8 | 0.2× | $40k |
| New Mexico | 3,510 | 4.0 | 1.2× | $36k |
| Nebraska | 3,430 | 3.3 | 1.0× | $38k |
| Arkansas | 2,560 | 2.0 | 0.6× | $29k |
| Mississippi | 2,390 | 2.1 | 0.6× | $22k |
| Montana | 2,370 | 4.6 | 1.4× | $28k |
| Maine | 2,359 | 3.7 | 1.1× | $37k~ |
| Wyoming | 2,230 | 7.9 | 2.4× | $37k |
| Rhode Island | 1,910 | 3.8 | 1.1× | $46k |
| Idaho | 1,800 | 2.1 | 0.6× | $34k |
| Delaware | 1,642 | 3.4 | 1.0× | $37k~ |
| South Dakota | 1,610 | 3.5 | 1.0× | $28k |
| Alaska | 1,420 | 4.4 | 1.3× | $67k |
| Vermont | 1,400 | 4.6 | 1.4× | $38k |
| Louisiana | 1,090 | 0.6 | 0.2× | $27k |
| New Hampshire | 1,070 | 1.6 | 0.5× | $35k |
| Washington DC | 750 | 1.1 | 0.3× | $50k |
| North Dakota | 420 | 1.0 | 0.3× | $43k |
| Kentucky | 320 | 0.2 | 0.1× | $30k |
Top metro areas
- Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA35,740 jobs · $57k median
- New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ26,760 jobs · $45k median
- Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA15,430 jobs · $61k median
- Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV15,060 jobs · $46k median
- Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA12,070 jobs · $39k median
- Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD11,210 jobs · $46k median
- Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN11,110 jobs · $43k median
- San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA10,570 jobs · $61k median
Explore the rankings
Explore Substitute Teachers interactively →Pay and outlook from BLS (OEWS 2025, Employment Projections 2025-2035). Skills and work activities from O*NET 30.3. AI exposure and future-proof scores are modeled estimates. How these numbers are made.