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SOC 43-9022

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The job
Median pay
$49k
$41k to $58k typical range
Outlook, 2025 to 2035
Declining
-34% projected
Openings a year
2k
BLS projection
Typical education
High school
Our model
AI displacement risk
Very high
How much of this job AI may do instead of the person
Works with AI
4/100
AI alongside the person rather than instead of them
AI exposure
95th pct
More exposed than 95% of occupations · modeled estimate · 84th pct in Microsoft's data
Future-proof
23/100

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Key skills

Pay and jobs by state

BLS OEWS May 2025, 51 states. Sorted by jobs; per 1,000 is jobs per thousand workers in the state; vs national compares that rate with the country's. A tilde marks a figure estimated from the parent occupation group where BLS publishes none.

StateJobsPer 1,000vs nationalMedian pay
New York12,3401.35.7×$48k
California10,2700.62.5×$56k
New Jersey3,5600.83.7×$50k
Pennsylvania1,1700.20.9×$41k
Georgia1,1070.21.0×$31k~
North Carolina1,0590.20.9×$47k~
Florida1,0000.10.5×$36k
Arizona7940.21.1×$42k~
Michigan5200.10.5×$48k
Illinois4900.10.4×$45k
All 51 states
StateJobsPer 1,000vs nationalMedian pay
Louisiana4420.21.0×$41k~
Utah4370.31.1×$47k~
Iowa3600.21.0×$43k
Massachusetts3500.10.4×$54k
Kansas3200.21.0×$46k~
Ohio3100.10.3×$49k
Texas2900.00.1×$48k
Virginia2900.10.3×$46k
Mississippi2890.21.1×$40k~
Hawaii2700.41.9×$40k
Missouri2600.10.4×$37k
Maryland2100.10.3×$47k
Minnesota2100.10.3×$52k
Wisconsin1800.10.3×$49k
Connecticut1700.10.5×$49k
Nevada1700.10.5×$41k
New Hampshire1680.21.1×$51k~
Kentucky1600.10.4×$45k~
Maine1470.21.0×$50k~
Washington1400.00.2×$46k
Washington DC1200.20.8×$49k
Indiana1200.00.2×$40k
Rhode Island1200.21.1×$47k
Montana1180.21.0×$48k~
South Dakota1040.21.0×$46k~
Tennessee900.00.1×$50k
North Dakota890.20.9×$50k~
Nebraska800.10.3×$47k
West Virginia800.10.5×$36k
Alaska780.21.1×$55k~
Alabama700.00.1×$47k
Vermont610.20.9×$51k~
Colorado600.00.1×$58k
Idaho600.10.3×$50k
New Mexico600.10.3×$46k
Wyoming570.20.9×$47k~
Delaware500.10.5×$45k
Arkansas400.00.1×$43k
Oklahoma400.00.1×$44k
Oregon400.00.1×$52k
South Carolina300.00.1×$43k

Top metro areas

  1. New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ8,370 jobs · $52k median
  2. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA6,830 jobs · $58k median
  3. San Juan-Bayamon-Caguas, PR1,330 jobs · $29k median
  4. Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY1,300 jobs · $47k median
  5. Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA880 jobs · $49k median
  6. San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA840 jobs · $79k median
  7. Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY830 jobs · $47k median
  8. Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD690 jobs · $47k median

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Pay and outlook from BLS (OEWS 2025, Employment Projections 2025-2035). Skills and work activities from O*NET 30.3. AI exposure and future-proof scores are modeled estimates. How these numbers are made.